3.2 Trends
- Globally, under-five mortality has decreased by 33%, from an estimated rate of 89 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 60 deaths per 1000 live births in 2009. This decline translates into an average annual decrease in child mortality of 2.1%. Numbers of under-five deaths have declined from 12.4 million in 1990 to 8.1 million in 2009. While progress has been made, it is unequally
significantly weaken individuals–and, in particular children–to the point where the effectiveness of investment in human capital is diminished
“ Reductions in mortality brought about the majority of the increase in population in the past two centuries .” (Preston, 1980)
Reductions in mortality
Increase in population
Lead to accumulation of human capital
2. Russian customs and characteristics
1.Greeting
Shake of the hand gripping tight in place of a formal greetings.
Usually people close to each other a hug than a handshake.
2.Nominal
conscious of status or identity, so they prefer to be called as the title of the job or position
3.Dining etiquette
Russian people regard lunch as the most important eating of a day and Ru
미역(Undaria)
해중림의 주요 구성원으로서 연안생태계에서 중요한 역할을 담당
우리나라 해조류 생산 중 최대량을 차지
Factors affecting population
Birth rate or Natality rate
Differences between Natality rate and Mortality rate
Death or Mortality rate
Age distribution(Age composition)
Immigration
Emmingration
etc
귀무가설
Null Hyp
Hypothesis
-Infant mortality rate is influenced by ‘Access to health care as % of total population’ and ‘Population per physician’.
We want to know the pure correlation effect between infant mortality rate and access to healthcare factor.
Method
-By analyzing data, find the correlation between 3 factors.
-Determine which one have strong influence on infant mortality rate,
mortality stood at 43 deaths per 1,000 births, a relatively high level usually associated with the developing world. Thereafter, the rate declined rapidly and is now lower than the infant mortality rate in the United States. The reduction in infant mortality brought a dramatic increase in life expectancy, which is now among the highest in the world for both males and females. It also resulted in
Reason for the increasing proportion of older people
The improved care of expectant mother and newborn infants has “reduced the infant mortality rate”
New drugs, better sanitation, and other medical advances have “increased life expectancy”
: Male 58.7>75.6, Female 65.6>83.3 (1970>2008)
Especially, in Korea
The birthrate is rapidly declining >>
사오정(45세 정년),
rate than who earn more than two million. This graph exactly shows that smoking rate decreases while income level increases Also among the mortality rate of lower class people from the lung cancer, seventy-five percent of the rates get cancer because of smoking, which is 2.3 to 8.1 times higher than that of higher class. (한국일보 2009.11.10)
This fact can be understood with the differences
(2009 est.): 198,739,269 (growth rate: 1.2%); birth rate: 18.4/1000; infant mortality rate: 22.5/1000; life expectancy: 72.0; density per sq km: 22
Largest cities: São Paulo, 18,333,000 (metro. area), 10,927,985 (city proper); Rio de Janeiro, 11,469,000 (metro. area), 6,094,183 (city proper); Salvador, 2,590,400; Belo Horizonte, 2,347,500; Recife, 1,485,500; Porto Alegre, 1,372,700